Anaemia has evolved into a major global health concern. Children, in particular, are at risk –with approximately 300 million children suffering from anaemia across the world.1 Deficiency of iron has been identified as one of the leading causes of anemia.1 In India, approximately 58.6% children between 6 – 59 months of age are anaemic.2
Did you know iron deposits in infants with an average birth weight, get depleted by 5–6 months of age? A normal diet often does not match the high iron needs of growing infants due to their inadequate starting iron levels. Thus, premature infants, infants with low birth weight and children born to anaemic mothers need supplementation of iron.3Similarly, children of 2 – 5 years of age have a higher requirement of iron as they are in rapid growth and development phase and are thus more prone to iron deficiency anaemia.1, 4
Ideally, the need for iron should be met with a healthy iron-rich diet. But due to modern processing, preserving, and cooking methods, the nutrient value of our food has reduced.5 This lack of iron in the diet is further coupled with its reduced absorption due to various factors, leading to iron deficiency. In children it gets further critical if they are fussy eaters. This makes iron supplementation a viable choice for restoring the body’s iron storage banks.
Preventive Measures
Some preventive measures that can help prevent iron deficiency anaemia in children are stated below;
Even though the above options might reduce the risk of iron deficiency in children, they are not the most effective solution to the deficiency of iron in their body.
Using iron supplements is not only the most viable alternative but also a recommended option for children.11
Children have higher demands for iron, and are often unable to meet these iron needs from the food they eat. The deficiency of iron can cause some significant health concerns, especially in children. Considering the above points, it is imperative for parents to be aware of iron deficiency, its implications, and its treatment options.
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